Yes, With Russian degree you can work in Germany as a Doctor. But make sure that the university from where you graduated, must be listed in German Database acceptable universities. Also you must be fluent in German language or atleast have C1 level to be accepted.
Also you need to match in German to work in, you can choose this accordingly to the area and competition for that particular residency. Once you have a job offer, you can apply for a Work permit there.